Philippe-Charles Schmerling

Philippe-Charles Schmerling (Delft, 2 March 1790 or 24 February 1791, Liège 7 November 1836) is a Belgian prehistorian, pioneer in paleontology, paleoanthropology, paleopathology and geologist. He is often considered the founder of paleontology.

In 1829 he discovered a Neanderthal fossil, the partial cranium of a small child. It was the first discovery of a fossil man.[1]

Contents

Life

Schmerling was a son of a Protestant trader of Viennese origin. Schmerling studied in Delft and Leiden. Afterwards he served in the army between 1812 and 1816.[2] He married in 1821 with Elizabeth de Douglas, who had two daughters, in 1823 and 1825.

Schmerling continued his studies in 1822[3] and became Doctor of Medicine in 1825, his doctor dissertation was on the subject De studii psychologiae in medicina utilitate et necessitate.[4][5]

In 1829 he excavated a fossil man in a cave at Les Awirs, in the region of Flémalle, in the Meuse valley, between Liège and Huy.[6] Schmerling investigated about sixty calcareous caves of the provinces of Liège and Luxembourg during the following years.

Works

References

  1. ^ "Homo neanderthalensis". Smithsonian Institution. http://anthropology.si.edu/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm. Retrieved 18 May 2009. 
  2. ^ Biographie
  3. ^ Liliane Henderickx, « Philippe Charles Schmerling (1790-1836) révèle l'antiquité de l'homme grâce aux dépôts antédiluviens des grottes liégeoises », Revue d'Archéologie et de Paléontologie , n° 10, Centre d'archéologie et de paléontologie, Plainevaux, 1991, p. 24-66.
  4. ^ Charles Morren, « Notice sur la vie et les travaux de Philippe-Charles Schmerling », in Annuaire de l’Académie royale de Belgique, Bruxelles, t. 4, 1838, p. 130-150. (Google Books)
  5. ^ Marc Groenen, Pour une histoire de la préhistoire: le Paléolithique, Editions Jérôme Millon, 1994, p. 473.
  6. ^ Philippe Charles Schmerling, Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles découverts dans les cavernes de la province de Liège, vol. I, P.-J. Collardin, Liège, 1833, 213 p., p. 24 et 126.

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